Insurance Glossary

Understand insurance terms and definitions in plain English. Navigate the complex world of insurance with confidence.

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A

Terms starting with "A"

Actuarial Value

The percentage of total average costs for covered benefits that a plan will cover. For example, if a plan has an actuarial value of 70%, on average, you would be responsible for 30% of the costs of all covered benefits.

Annual Out-of-Pocket Maximum

The most you have to pay for covered services in a plan year. After you spend this amount on deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance, your health plan pays 100% of the costs of covered benefits.

Appeal

A request for your health insurer or plan to review a decision or a grievance again.

B

Terms starting with "B"

Beneficiary

The person who receives the benefits or proceeds from an insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, trust, or will.

Bronze Plan

A health insurance plan category that pays 60% of average overall costs of providing essential health benefits to members.

C

Terms starting with "C"

Coinsurance

Your share of the costs of a covered health care service, calculated as a percentage (for example, 20%) of the allowed amount for the service.

Copayment (Copay)

A fixed amount (for example, $15) you pay for a covered health care service, usually when you receive the service.

Coverage Gap

Also called the 'donut hole.' A temporary limit on what Medicare Part D will cover for prescription drugs.

D

Terms starting with "D"

Deductible

The amount you owe for health care services your health insurance or plan covers before your health insurance or plan begins to pay.

Dependent

A child or other individual for whom a parent, relative, or other person may claim a personal exemption tax deduction.

E

Terms starting with "E"

Essential Health Benefits

A set of health care service categories that must be covered by certain plans, including ambulatory patient services, emergency services, hospitalization, maternity and newborn care, mental health services, prescription drugs, rehabilitative services, laboratory services, preventive care, and pediatric services.

Explanation of Benefits (EOB)

A statement sent by a health insurance company to covered individuals explaining what medical treatments and/or services were paid for on their behalf.

F

Terms starting with "F"

Formulary

A list of prescription drugs covered by a prescription drug plan or another insurance plan offering prescription drug benefits.

G

Terms starting with "G"

Gold Plan

A health insurance plan category that pays 80% of average overall costs of providing essential health benefits to members.

Grace Period

Additional time allowed to make a premium payment after the due date during which coverage remains in force.

H

Terms starting with "H"

Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)

A type of health insurance plan that usually limits coverage to care from doctors who work for or contract with the HMO.

Health Savings Account (HSA)

A medical savings account available to taxpayers who are enrolled in a high-deductible health plan.

I

Terms starting with "I"

In-Network

Providers or health care facilities which are part of a health plan's network of providers with which it has negotiated a discount.

Individual Mandate

The requirement that most Americans have health insurance or pay a penalty.

L

Terms starting with "L"

Lifetime Benefit Maximum

The maximum dollar amount a health plan will pay in benefits to an insured individual during that individual's lifetime.

M

Terms starting with "M"

Medicare Advantage

A type of Medicare health plan offered by a private company that contracts with Medicare to provide you with all your Part A and Part B benefits.

Medicare Supplement (Medigap)

Insurance sold by private companies that can help pay some of the health care costs that Original Medicare doesn't cover.

N

Terms starting with "N"

Network

The facilities, providers and suppliers your health insurer or plan has contracted with to provide health care services.

O

Terms starting with "O"

Open Enrollment Period

The yearly period when people can enroll in a health insurance plan.

Out-of-Network

Providers or health care facilities which are not part of a health plan's network of providers.

P

Terms starting with "P"

Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)

A type of health plan that contracts with medical providers, such as hospitals and doctors, to create a network of participating providers.

Premium

The amount that must be paid for a health insurance or plan.

Prior Authorization

A decision by your health insurer or plan that a health care service, treatment plan, prescription drug or durable medical equipment is medically necessary.

Q

Terms starting with "Q"

Qualifying Life Event

A change in your life that can make you eligible for a Special Enrollment Period to enroll in health coverage.

R

Terms starting with "R"

Rider

An add-on to a basic insurance policy that provides additional benefits at additional cost.

S

Terms starting with "S"

Silver Plan

A health insurance plan category that pays 70% of average overall costs of providing essential health benefits to members.

Special Enrollment Period

A time outside the yearly Open Enrollment Period when you can sign up for health insurance.

U

Terms starting with "U"

Underwriting

The process by which insurance companies evaluate the risks of insuring your home, car, life, or health and determine premiums.

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